The media’s Iran problem

The media’s Iran problem

Faris Islam writes about how reporting on the current situation in Tehran has been fraught with difficulties.

As events in Iran have dominated headlines throughout the world, a glaring problem has arisen both in the reporting and analysis of the situation by the international media. Problems getting information, combined with other issues when reporting within highly polarised societies such as Iran, have lead to a situation where news coverage on many international news networks shows a heavy tilt in favour of the reformers. Additionally, the role of ‘analysts’ and ‘experts’ has also been cloudy, with wishful thinking, biases, 30-second sound bites and dubious credentials clouding the media sphere.
 
Much of the problems in reporting come from reporting restrictions within Iran, allowing rumours to obscure reality and protestors to set the agenda for the press. In an attempt to control the flow of information, the ruling regime of the Islamic Republic ordered all journalists visiting to cover the election out of the country, and since then has imposed severe restrictions on the accredited journalists remaining within the country.
 
Kicked out of the country, or confined to their offices in Tehran, reporting on the situation has been fraught with difficulties. As Steve Herrmann, editor of the BBC News website mentions on the BBC Blog, ‘reporters are not allowed to cover unauthorised gatherings or move around freely in Tehran.’ Nahid Siamdoust of Time Magazine describes the problems this creates, saying how ‘it was becoming impossible to report on events. The only ‘news’ left unblocked was that propagated by state television.’
 
Indeed, even obtaining photos of protests and events has become enormously difficult, with photos from within Iran coming either from official sources – whether state media or the Mousavi campaign – or from photos posted online by Iranians. The problem with internet content, as Herrmann describes is that there is ‘no filter or editorial process’ in what people can post on sites like Twitter and Facebook. He adds that a majority of posts on sites like Twitter have come from Mousavi sympathisers.
 
While a majority of Tweets on the issue may favour Mousavi, that is no indicator of the general mood on the streets of Tehran and especially not of the rest of the country. The dialogue online has essentially been one in which the same segment of society – the Twitter and Facebook-using class – controlling the flow of information regarding Iran.
 
George Friedman of the private intelligence firm Stratfor describes the role of the international media in covering the story, saying how ‘in constantly interviewing English-speaking demonstrators, they failed to note just how many of the demonstrators spoke English and had smartphones’. To summarise, he says ‘the demonstrations primarily consisted of the same type of people demonstrating’.
 
With so much trouble getting accurate information on events within Iran, scholars and analysts could play a crucial role in clearing the confusion on the ground by providing much-needed perspective on the situation. Unfortunately, analyst and commentators on major international networks – specifically CNN – seem to have abandoned nuance and neutrality in their coverage of the situation. With one commentator saying in the space of two paragraphs both that ‘we really don’t know how this uprising is going to pan out’ and that ‘we are witness to something quite extraordinary, perhaps even a social revolution’ the disconnect between what people hope will happen and what people are seeing happen appears great.

Unfortunately with so much speculation and so many rumors, reliable reporting is suffering. While the international media battle for the best leads and scoops, it seems the Greek dramatist Aeschylus was correct in saying, ‘in war, truth is the first casualty’.





30 Comments »

  1. avatar comment-top

    Kara Swart Says:Why is Pakistan and Pakistani press keeping quiet about Chinese decimation of the Uighur civilisation? The Turkish Prime Minister calls it a ‘genocide’. The Pakistani Government should strongly protest to China and raise the question in UN………

    Well,pakistan cannot do anything because they will lose their only friend in the region against India.

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  2. avatar
    Shafiq Khan Says:
    July 12th, 2009 at 14:17
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    It is sad but true that most of us of pro-Pakistan leaning are virtually incapable of addressing the question.

    The analysis put forward by the journalist, very clearly outlined the difficulties that confront the reporters charged with the task of reporting. Most of the comments show the bias they find in others so unacceptable. Sad and dishonest.

    The facts are undisputed but ignored :

    Iranian Authorities have imposed restrictions which makes it difficult to get the correct picture. Why do they do that?
    If there is nothing to dishonest why only one voice be heard? why such draconian curbs?
    Complaining about Obama’s call for free speech issue, not condemning Egyptian President has nothing to do with it. Or the western Press that has an agenda ! We all turn to it when in difficulty. Why?
    Is the Iranian situation clear to the general reader? Yes it is to the non partisan, but those with an exe to grind it does not matter, they have closed minds nothing can change that.
    Why a young woman got shot on the street? Western press did not kill her!
    Why they held the election in the first place if they had to be so dishonest with its conduct. It, beyond any doubt, leaves an impression, which does not recommend Islam to anybody.If Iranian authorities are representative of Islam.

    Yours,
    Disappointed

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  3. avatar
    Kara Swart Says:
    July 11th, 2009 at 21:29
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    Why is Pakistan and Pakistani press keeping quiet about Chinese decimation of the Uighur civilisation? The Turkish Prime Minister calls it a ‘genocide’. The Pakistani Government should strongly protest to China and raise the question in UN.

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    The Western media is full of hypocrisy. They will go to the ends of the Earth to preserve “free speech” when is means preserving the right to show images of violence against women, or Islam.

    and yet when it comes to the Israeli Palestine conflict there is NO free speech. When it comes to women who wear burqa out of choice there is no free speech.

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  5. avatar comment-top

    CNN, BBC, Fox, and indeed most of Western Media, put extensive emphasis on Iran’s elections. Hosni Mubarak has been president since last 20 years. ooks like whoever says ‘yes boss’ to … is spared by western media.

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  6. avatar comment-top

    I know people living in Iran, its not as bad as it seems. Do we not have relatives abroad urging us to flee Pakistan b/c they hear of frequent terrorist attacks taking place. By the protection of Allah, Im grateful that nothing of such significance has happened to me personally due to these events. But dont you see, you cannot judge a countrys’ situation without living in it. Iran is being brave, standing up for itself and reminding the Americans…that they alone do not have tactics of destruction. Why shouldnt Iran, Korea be allowed to own Nukes? Why doesnt USA disable its weapons 1st?
    Practice what you preach Obama, you have failed me yet again.

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  7. avatar comment-top

    Lenin said that in the midst of revolution that of 1917, “The basic question of every revolution is that of state power. This remark foreshadows a phenomenon present in most modern revolution the power struggle that take place among revolutionaries after the victory of revolution.
    Post imam Khomeini Iran is totally different today and we should support voice of the people not any conspiracy which hatched against the Iran to topple Iran regime by western force just UK did topple the elected government of Irani nationalist leader Dr Mossdaq and installed a puppet government of Shah.
    Irani are great people by nature and never tolerate despotic regime and triumphed of former President Khatami in 1994 changed the political landscaped of Iran.
    It’s true the western media is biased I am quoting dramatist and leftist intellectual Tariq Ali who in his interview telecasted by BBC Urdu service said that during late dictator Zia regime, he made documentary on brutal regime of Zia for BBC, but BBC hesitated to air that documentary because despotic military dictator was ally of UK in so called in liberation war in Afghanistan.
    CNN never had shown brutality of Zionist regime and first tenure election of neo-con former president Bush who had lost election from democratic President Candidate Algore.
    The question regarding censorship in press by theocratic regime of Iran is condemnable and Irani government should allow neutral people for reporting to tell the real picture about ongoing political turmoil after post President Election.
    Irani people are better judge for their destiny and if Ahmedi Najad newly twice elected President won election through fraudulent, people of Iran will not allow him and if UK and US are trying to destabilize Iran, people will also foil their conspiracies.
    Raza Mirani

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  8. avatar comment-top

    People should not blame the messenger for the mess created by censorship tactics of an oppressive regime which tells people how to think, live and dress in 21st century Iran.

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    Well you have a point on the comment when you say a lot of protesters spoke english. However I think you are way too high a standard on the reporting by expecting the reports to answer or explain the english proficiency and protest. I would deduce from your comment that you imply that the number english speaking people is small and yet they were represented in disproportionate numbers in the protest. This may be your impression because simply because journalist naturally gravited towards people they could comunicate with or more importantly who could convey that message the intended consumer of the news could understand. I think it is unrealistict to expect a journalist in that situation to make a somewhat accurate assesment of that fact when it would be impossible to count them. That is simply a judgement that could not even be made today. I think they a good job. They stated why, when, who and where. As a consumer of news you are to take this information and compare it to other sources of news. In this case, domestic and international sources were saying pretty much the same thing. Even the Iranean sources were same thing. The only points where they differ were the nature of the protest. Iranean sources stated (without proof) that the source was foreing while the remaining sources stated it was domestic.

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    So many comments about the legitimate election of Ahamdinejad. Are you aware of something called statistics?. I was following the counting until the fial results where declared. Ahamadinejads’s share of the vote was 62%(+/- few percentages) throughout the counting. How is this possible?. All over of Iran people voted in same pattern?

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    Are we blind to the reality or just ignorant? People in Iran are fighting for their survival and the mullahs are suffocating them. This is not a game played by the west but it is reflection of the true aspiration of the people of Iran.

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  12. avatar
    Hukiequat karva hay Says:
    July 2nd, 2009 at 19:36
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    It is quite obvious that the Iranian Government has something to hide otherwise it would not have stopped the foreign corresponds from exposing their dark secrets from the prying eyes of the media.

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    Ali,
    The French President has expressed views that he feels the burqua should be banned. Even this is not yet a law – but they will study the matter. No-one has banned the hijab nor is there any plans to do so.

    For those that claim that women in burqua are not deprived of their rights, can you name even one successful woman of any faith who is burqua clad? There are many successful Muslim men throughout the world. Also many successful Muslim women – but none who wear the burqua. So you may claim theoretically that wearing burqua does not deprive them but in reality it stops them from achieving their potential.

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  14. avatar comment-top

    So true!! One of my colleagues recently visited Tehran and he said everything is normal out there. He went for a family vacation out there and had good fun. Now how can someone enjoy the city when there are riots happening on the streets. The Americans always want a piece of everything. They will never highlight the real issues such as Kashmir or Palestine. They always want to meddle in other peoples business, such as Iraq. They mentioned that Iraq has nuclear bomb with illegal means whereas when they searched the place they found nothing. However currently the Foreign companies have been given the oppurtunity to further enhace managing of Iraq’a Oil and Gas fields. They create these problems, then boast to earadicate the same and at the end enjoy all benefits.

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    In any democracy, one wins and other loses. This is unfotunate that Mr, mausavi is still not accepting the results of election. He should accept the results and try again next time. I am sure he does not want to be killed in presant fight.

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  16. avatar
    ali hassan Says:
    July 2nd, 2009 at 2:09
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    where were the CNN and BBC, when French President banned Muslim women in France from wearing Hijab ? isn’t it a human rights violation ? where were these two leaders of lier when, US announced $ 2,000 only as compensation for any causality occurring due to US action in Afghanistan / Pakistan as against $ 100,000 for US soldier getting killed in action. its not about free press, its about serving the interests of their masters…and they ar edoing it aptly.

    Iran has every right to do whatever she thinks good for the country and CNN and BBC has no right to cry for not allowing them to cover the protests.

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  17. avatar
    farina mughal Says:
    July 2nd, 2009 at 1:18
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    The main problem with the western media is double standards.just a year ago same American media which is today advocating true democracy in Iran, remained quiet when the people of Florida and Michigan were disenfranchised and were not allowed to have their say in the democratic primaries. if the election process was flawed from the very beginning how can anyone say that the election of Barack Obama was legitimate.

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  18. avatar comment-top

    Excellent point by the author of this article – the problem is with restricting the media.

    Free media (even at a cost of sensationalism) is critical for democracy. But with hoods ruling the streets and clerics ruling on all matters including the media, free press and democracy are not even lip serviced today.

    In a police state usually only the foreign press will have the gump shum to report things as they are happening with little worry about serious massive and crippling retaliation.

    Leaders who curtail the press strongly and script the messages through state controlled media rarely do good in the long run for people espousing freer will. They act out of fear of openness rather than truth and clarifications that comes with free reporting.

    Now free reporting is not irresponsible reporting. Ultimately, the majority (and the minority) opinion will be reflect by a free press.

    A country that has an elaborate network of militia and intelligence service focused on ‘internal order’ is more authoritarian and less democratic. So we are seeing two ‘value systems’ tussling out here.

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  19. avatar
    Imran UK Says:
    July 1st, 2009 at 16:34
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    I have a friend of mine here in UK whose family is Tehran, He said I saw on CNN and BBC his own street in Tehran having riots and then he called home his family told him there were none.

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    Well you hardly find non-biased media these days, if iranian national TV is with the governement and doing what so ever in their favoure, so is western media trying pump up the situation.. on the contrary it keeps it mouth shut when it comes to the coverage of palestine and yell out when some small thing happens in Israel..

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  21. avatar comment-top

    What is the problem with Americans and Isrelis or for that matter European Union due to Iranian presidential elections. They should mind their own Buisness. None of them(all the countries Mentioned ) are sincere to the Iranian Public. Theu are just trying to create mischief by giving undue statements against the Iranian Vote.

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  22. avatar comment-top

    If you go to tehran it is normal. Its all by the western media which is exegerating the issue for their own interest.

    Our media should atleast project the right sentiments so that people can rely and value them.

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  23. avatar
    Furqan Ali Says:
    July 1st, 2009 at 11:07
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    This is quite unethical that American and British media wants to enter in all territories even where they don’t need to go. If in Iran Ahmadi Nejad won the elections so it is non tolerable for both countries because that person doesn’t give them value and doesn’t want to intervene them in Iranian policies as Pakistani government allows them to contribution. And now again media is performing completely negative role in Iran. No one sovereign country tolerate it if some outsider going to posses its internal matters. I recommend that specially American and British media should be go out from Iran and personally suggest just only muslim countries’ media should only be allowed for coverage and if Iranian government restricting media for particular news so restriction should be obeyed by all media. Because this is personal matter of Iran and government has been chosen by 53% of people. So respect should be given to Iranian people’s mandate. And media should present 53% people’s mandate instead of 47% mandate

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  24. avatar
    J.Rishad Says:
    July 1st, 2009 at 2:51
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    Yes,there must have been some election frauds in Iran,like all other countries election frauds.But the media is pumping the Iran Election Baloon too much.
    Kinds

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  25. avatar
    Shakoor Ahmed Says:
    July 1st, 2009 at 2:16
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    Mohammad Amer,
    While the media wants to get the scoops, Sweeping the situation under the carpet will only make matters worse. If the Video showing the Taliban whipping a poor girl had not aired those YAHOOS would still be causing chaos in SWAT.

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  26. avatar
    Larry Stout Says:
    July 1st, 2009 at 1:40
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    American TV news is an array of personality cults. Journalism schools teach a lot about camera presence, but (apparently) nothing about objectivity and critical thinking. Not that the cable and network bosses would allow the latter virtues to manifest themselves.

    I like Bertrand Russell’s comment on African elephants, which, he said, had never been known to stampede until journalists arrived on the scene.

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  27. avatar
    M TAUSEEF BARLAS Says:
    July 1st, 2009 at 1:08
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    how long govt. will keep imposing their rules which is not acceptable to iranian.let them live their life as per their wishes.

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  28. avatar
    PakistaniMD Says:
    June 30th, 2009 at 21:47
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    I agree somewhat w/ this post. The media rarely reports on Pro-’Nejad supporters (many which are women too!). There is a double standard, something that I hope CNN will recognize.

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  29. avatar
    jibran shafa Says:
    June 30th, 2009 at 18:23
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    well, the way faris summarised the current exaggerated situation, i think it is some how a neutral and a pragmatic analysis.
    thats why it has been said that “an exaggeration is a truth which has lost its temper”.

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  30. avatar
    Mohammad Amer Says:
    June 30th, 2009 at 17:23
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    I just want to say that sometime media shows those things for their popularity which can cause a huge problem for the country like in SWAT(PAKISTAN)peace deal was going on president signed on the agreement but seddenly a video came onair that taliban is punishing a woman and the peace deal is gone and now PAKISTAN is in a big trouble again. same thing is happening in IRAN what i personnly feel it should be close and don’t show any of negative video.

    REGARDS

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